Class Notes

  Chapter 1: Natural Resources and Their Use – Notes 🌱 1. When does Nature become a Resource? Nature includes all living and non-living things not made by humans. When humans use natural things for their needs , they become resources . Example: Trees → wood → furniture For something to be a resource, it must be: Technologically accessible Economically feasible Culturally acceptable Natural resources include: Basic: air, water, soil Others: coal, petroleum, metals, timber 🌍 2. Categories of Natural Resources (A) Based on Use 1. Resources essential for life Air, water, food Cannot be created by humans Necessary for survival 2. Resources for materials Used to make objects Examples: Wood → furniture Marble → buildings Metals → tools 3. Resources for energy Provide power for daily life Examples: Coal, petroleum Sunlight, wind, water (B) Renewable and Non-renewable Resources 🔄 3. Renewable Resources Resourc...

  1. Introduction India is a large and diverse country with many villages and a big rural population.  To take care of the local needs of the people, we have a system called the Panchayati Raj.  It is a form of local self-government.  It brings the government closer to the people and allows them to take part in making decisions for their own village. 2. Panchayati Raj System The Panchayati Raj System is a system of local self-government in the villages of India. It helps people take part in running their own village. “Panchayat” means village council, and “Raj” means rule. The system has three levels or three tiers Village Level – Gram Panchayat Block Level – Panchayat Samiti / Mandal Parishad District Level – Zila Parishad Together, they handle issues like agriculture, housing, roads, water, education, health, welfare and development. 3. Gram Panchayat (Village Level) Gram Panchayat is the lowest and most important level . Members are elected ...