EXTRA QUESTIONS

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State an important difference between a manuscript and an inscription.

Answer: An important difference between an inscription and a manuscript is the surface on which they are written. Inscriptions are engravings on hard surfaces while manuscripts are hand written books, which are usually written on palm leaves or the bark of a tree.

Who are archaeologists and what do they do?

Answer: The people who systematically study things that were made and used in the past through process of exploration and excavation are called archaeologists. They study the remains of buildings made of stone & brick, paintings & sculpture. They also explore and excavate (dig under the surface of the earth) to find tools, weapons, pots, pans, ornaments, coins and various other articles used by them. Then they analyse their findings to give a new theory.

What safeguards have been provided in the Constitution of India against inequality and discrimination?

Answer:

Articles of constitution ensures that:

Everyone has equal rights and opportunities.

Untouchability is seen as a crime. It has been legally abolished.

People are free to choose any kind of work.

Govt. jobs are open to all people.

Specific steps to realise this right to equality for poor and other marginal communities.

  • Freedom to follow any religion
  • Freedom to speak their own language
  • Freedom to celebrate their festivals
  • Freedom to express oneself.
What is stereotype? How do we create stereotype?

Fixing people into an image is called stereotypes. We create stereotypes when we call people on the basis of their country, religion, sex, race or economic background, stingy, lazy, criminal or dumb.

Write short notes on ‘Dalits’.

Answer: Dalits are formerly known as untouchable – a person outside of the four Varnas, and considered below of all and polluting. Dalits include people as leather-workers, scavengers, tanners, flyers, cobblers, agricultural labourers, municipal cleaners and drum beaters. They are also known as broken people.

How did prejudice and stereotypes leads to discrimination?

Answer: When we evaluate people on the basis of prejudices and stereotypes, we are engaging in discrimination. Women and minorities are mistreated by discrimination in employment, education and social services. Sometimes, they are excluded from high rank positions in the society.

What is secularism?

In India, the term 'secularism' was introduced in the year 1976 of the 42nd Amendment of the constitution. Secularism means separating government from religion which simply means that the government of India should not follow or favour any particular religion rather every religion should be favoured equally.

Why did the Magadh Empire flourished on the banks of river Ganga and river Son?

Answer: This was possible because the rivers facilitated quick transportation system and hence quite effectively helped the trade to flourish. This encouraged the rural people to come to these areas and settle down. Moreover rivers provided a kind of natural defence and the kingdom was able to strengthen its position due to the availability of iron ore in the region.

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